Jan Maksimiuk. Klavijatura dla łacinki.

cz10_2016_cz-b-6Kaliści moj brat-kamputarščyk skazaŭ mnie, što adzin mahistrant biełaruskaj filalohii ź Biełastoku pryznaŭsia jamu, što napisaŭ svaju mahisterskuju pracu „polskimi litarami”, a potym „pieraviarnuŭ” jaje na kirylicu pry dapamozie kanvertera, jaki brat pastaviŭ u internecie (http://cyr.setpro.pl/).

U pieršy momant ja mocna ździviŭsia: jak ža tak – chłopiec zakančvaje biełaruskuju filalohiju va ŭniversytecie i nie navučyŭsia pisać pa-biełarusku kirylicaj?! Ale potym majo zdziŭleńnie pamienšała. Mahčyma, jon i navučyŭsia pisać kirylicaj, ale adna reč pisać rukoju na papiery, a inšaja – na kamputary.

Kab pisać kirylicaj na kamputary, to treba, pa-pieršaje, pastavić sabie kiryličnuju klavijaturu, i pa-druhoje – navučycca joju karystacca. Symbali na standartnych kiryličnaj i łaciničnaj klavijaturach nie supadajuć. A pastavić niestandartnuju kiryličnuju raskładku klavijatury, dzie bolšaść symbalaŭ supadała b „fanetyčna” z łaciničnaj klavijaturaj – davoli składanaja sprava. Zna¸na lahčej pisać pa-biełarusku na polskaj klavijatury.

I tak dumajuć nia mienš za 90% ludziej na Padlaššy, jakim jašče chočacca mieć jakoje-niebudź dačynieńnie da biełaruskaj movy ŭ narmalnym žyćci, to bok pa-za školnymi ¸rokami. Usie jany, kali im zachočacca napisać niešta pa-biełarusku na kamputary, skarystajuć pierš za ŭsio polskuju klavijaturu.

Kali naŭkoła ŭsia infarmacyja idzie praz łacinski alfabet – ci to polski, ci to anhielski – nichto nia budzie duryć hałavy sabie i inšym kirylicaj. Heta datyčyć navat bolšaści našych žurnalistaŭ, jakija ŭmiejuć karystacca kirylicaj, ale dla kantaktaŭ u sacyjalnych sietkach u internecie vybirajuć zručniejšuju ¸acinicu. Zmahacca z hetym „łaciničnym trendam” u piśmienstvie našaj mienšaści – usio roŭna što plavać suprać vietru. Kirylica jak asnoŭnaja hrafika biełaruskaj hramatnaści ŭ Polščy asudžanaja na nieminučuju śmierć.

Značyć, praktyčny i racyjanalny vychad dla žyvych adzin – pačać pryzvyčajvacca samim i pryzvyčajvać inšych da łacinki ŭ biełaruskaj movie.

Jak ja ¸žo kazaŭ u „Časopisie” miesiac tamu, možna pisać pa-biełarusku i „polskimi litarami”. Pryhadaju, što niekali biełaruskija tatary zapisvali biełaruskija teksty i arabskim alfabetam. Adnak suprać vykarystańnia „polskaha varyjantu” biełaruskaj hrafiki ja maju try kontrarhumenty.

Pa-pieršaje, vykarystańnie polskaha alfabetu ŭ afarmleńni biełaruśkich tekstaŭ stvaraje prykraje ¸ražańnie, što majem dačynieńnie ź niejkim „nedaraźvitym” varyjantam polszczyzny kresowej, a nie z samastojnaj movaj. Biełaruskaja łacinka ŭ takim varyjancie, jakim pišu hety tekst ja, takoha ŭražańnia nie vyklikaje. Asobnaja ad polskaj mova maje asobnuju ad polskaj hrafiku, i heta adrazu vidać, navat tym, jakija biełaruskaj movy nia viedajuć.

Pa-druhoje, vykarystańnie biełaruskaj łacinki – danina pavahi nacyjanalnaj tradycyji, jakaja hetuju versiju łaciničnaha zapisu vyłučyła jak najbolš adekvatnuju dla ŭsich biełarusaŭ. Kali my pišamsia biełarusami, to pavinny šanavać toje, što było napracavanaje papiarednimi biełaruskimi pakaleńniami, a nie vyskokvać, jak Pilip z kanapiel, z svaimi pravapisnymi impravizacyjami.

Pa-treciaje, biełaruskaja łacinka – vielmi estetyčnaja hrafičnaja systema. U joj biełaruski zapis vyhladaje nadzvyčaj pryhoža, nia toje, što ŭ polskaj hraficy.

Zručnaja dla padlaskich biełarusaŭ raskładka klavijatury dla Windows, na jakoj možna pisać biełaruskaj łacinkaj, isnuje užo bolš čym piać hadoŭ. Tut, dziakujučy majmu bratu: http://svoja.org/kbd.html#attachments. Instalacyja razkładki patrabuje ŭsiaho paŭtary chviliny. Klavijatura nazyvajecca Pudlaśka i „padčaplajecca” pad polskuju movu na kamputary. Hetaj raskładkaj možna pisać jak biełaruskamoŭnyja, tak i padlaskamoŭnyja teksty.Tam ža, pad instalacyjnym fajlem, znojdziecie i nahladnuju instrukcyju, jak pisać litary z dyjakrytykami: ¸, š, ž, ¸, ć, ¸, ¸, ń, ł, ê, ô, ď, ť. Praściej nie byvaje.

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